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Procedure price report · Other non-OR or closed therapeutic nervous system procedures

Drug pump refill needing a physician's skill

CPT 95991the billing code this page is about

Refilling and maintenance of an implanted pump delivering medication to the spinal fluid or brain when the work requires a physician or other qualified health professional.

Hospitals typically charge $362 cash for this outpatient procedure — the median across 992 hospitals that filed a usable cash price; the average of the middle 60% is $375. Most fall between $164 and $736 (20th–80th percentile).

Hospitals
992
States
50
Filings dated
Jan 2024 – Sep 2026
Computed
September 25, 2026
Prices checked
through September 25, 2026

Median: half of hospitals filed less, half more — and it is a price some hospital actually filed. Average of the middle 60%: the mean of the prices between the 20th and 80th percentiles. We never publish the plain average, the lowest or the highest price: the extremes in hospital price files are chargemaster artefacts, not prices anyone pays.

What hospitals charge, from cheapest to most expensive

Cash price percentiles, outpatient, across 992 hospitals. Each figure is a price a hospital filed. 10th: one in ten hospitals charges less; 25th: a quarter charge less; Median: half charge less; 75th: three quarters charge less; 90th: nine in ten charge less.
10th25thMedian75th90th
$102$200$362$589$1,211

The most expensive tenth of hospitals charges at least 12× what the cheapest tenth charges ($102 vs $1,211).

How the prices are spread

$78 – $105: 64 hospitals$78$105 – $141: 54 hospitals$141 – $190: 65 hospitals$141$190 – $256: 97 hospitals$256 – $344: 109 hospitals$256$344 – $463: 244 hospitals$463 – $624: 75 hospitals$463$624 – $840: 61 hospitals$840 – $1,132: 72 hospitals$840$1,132 – $1,524: 58 hospitals$1,132median $362price bands are equal on a log scale
Hospitals per price band (899 of 992 — the bands cover the 5th to 95th percentile)
FromToHospitals
$78$10564
$105$14154
$141$19065
$190$25697
$256$344109
$344$463244
$463$62475
$624$84061
$840$1,13272
$1,132$1,52458

Against Medicare

Medicare pays (OPPS 2026, national rate)$314
Median cash price$362
Cash as a multiple of Medicare1.15×

The Medicare figure is the national unadjusted OPPS rate for this code — what Medicare itself pays a hospital before local wage adjustment. It is a benchmark, not a price anyone is charged.

By state

The median cash price in each state, against the national median of $362.

Alaska: 1 hospital filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureAKMaine: 3 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureMEVermont: 3 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureVTNew Hampshire: 7 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureNHWashington: median $332 across 26 hospitalsWA$332Idaho: 7 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureIDMontana: 9 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureMTNorth Dakota: 9 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureNDMinnesota: median $444 across 20 hospitalsMN$444Illinois: median $296 across 42 hospitalsIL$296Wisconsin: median $421 across 51 hospitalsWI$421Michigan: median $225 across 31 hospitalsMI$225New York: median $349 across 30 hospitalsNY$349Massachusetts: median $675 across 18 hospitalsMA$675Oregon: median $199 across 12 hospitalsOR$199Nevada: 3 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureNVWyoming: 4 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureWYSouth Dakota: 3 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureSDIowa: median $246 across 18 hospitalsIA$246Indiana: median $167 across 13 hospitalsIN$167Ohio: median $562 across 67 hospitalsOH$562Pennsylvania: median $363 across 53 hospitalsPA$363New Jersey: median $348 across 18 hospitalsNJ$348Connecticut: 6 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureCTRhode Island: 6 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureRICalifornia: median $825 across 84 hospitalsCA$825Utah: 2 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureUTColorado: median $358 across 25 hospitalsCO$358Nebraska: median $201 across 20 hospitalsNE$201Missouri: median $210 across 28 hospitalsMO$210Kentucky: median $319 across 19 hospitalsKY$319West Virginia: median $307 across 20 hospitalsWV$307Virginia: median $262 across 23 hospitalsVA$262Maryland: 7 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureMDDelaware: 1 hospital filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureDEArizona: median $962 across 15 hospitalsAZ$962New Mexico: 2 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureNMKansas: median $202 across 17 hospitalsKS$202Arkansas: 5 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureARTennessee: median $190 across 13 hospitalsTN$190North Carolina: median $180 across 33 hospitalsNC$180South Carolina: 9 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureSCOklahoma: median $78 across 14 hospitalsOK$78Louisiana: median $156 across 19 hospitalsLA$156Mississippi: median $125 across 14 hospitalsMS$125Alabama: median $196 across 12 hospitalsAL$196Georgia: median $367 across 22 hospitalsGA$367Hawaii: 4 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureHITexas: median $400 across 83 hospitalsTX$400Florida: median $459 across 41 hospitalsFL$459
Cash price by state, most expensive first. National median $362. A state needs at least 10 hospitals with a usable price to show a figure.
StateHospitalsMedianvs national20th–80th
Arizona AZ15$962+166%$158 – $962
California CA84$825+128%$463 – $1,524
Massachusetts MA18$675+86%$325 – $1,394
Ohio OH67$562+55%$331 – $1,324
Florida FL41$459+27%$455 – $808
Minnesota MN20$444+23%$288 – $444
Wisconsin WI51$421+16%$362 – $488
Texas TX83$400+10%$230 – $562
Georgia GA22$367+1%$367 – $1,373
Pennsylvania PA53$3630%$60 – $499
Colorado CO25$358−1%$333 – $843
New York NY30$349−4%$314 – $451
New Jersey NJ18$348−4%$327 – $946
Washington WA26$332−8%$246 – $457
Kentucky KY19$319−12%$95 – $1,088
West Virginia WV20$307−15%$280 – $353
Illinois IL42$296−18%$119 – $539
Virginia VA23$262−28%$146 – $424
Iowa IA18$246−32%$230 – $539
Michigan MI31$225−38%$124 – $422
Missouri MO28$210−42%$146 – $428
Kansas KS17$202−44%$100 – $289
Nebraska NE20$201−44%$91 – $278
Oregon OR12$199−45%$199 – $868
Alabama AL12$196−46%$117 – $648
Tennessee TN13$190−48%$102 – $387
North Carolina NC33$180−50%$143 – $393
Indiana IN13$167−54%$95 – $338
Louisiana LA19$156−57%$92 – $329
Mississippi MS14$125−65%$97 – $264
Oklahoma OK14$78−79%$78 – $236
Montana MT9not enough hospitals filed a usable price
North Dakota ND9not enough hospitals filed a usable price
South Carolina SC9not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Idaho ID7not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Maryland MD7not enough hospitals filed a usable price
New Hampshire NH7not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Connecticut CT6not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Rhode Island RI6not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Arkansas AR5not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Hawaii HI4not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Wyoming WY4not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Maine ME3not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Nevada NV3not enough hospitals filed a usable price
South Dakota SD3not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Vermont VT3not enough hospitals filed a usable price
New Mexico NM2not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Utah UT2not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Alaska AK1not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Delaware DE1not enough hospitals filed a usable price

Hospitals like yours

The same distribution cut by the kind of hospital. Hospital type and ownership come from CMS; a hospital counts as part of a system when its price file is shared with at least one other hospital under the same brand. The national median is $362.

Cash price by hospital segment. A segment needs at least 20 hospitals to show a figure.
SegmentHospitalsMedian20th–80th
Hospital type
Acute care801$364$180 – $735
Children’s44$487$153 – $1,346
Critical access141$294$107 – $444
Ownership
For-profit115$436$203 – $1,038
Government108$242$137 – $422
Non-profit763$362$164 – $735
System affiliation
Part of a system872$367$180 – $749
Independent120$239$100 – $601

Cash price vs list price

Median list price (chargemaster)$655
Median cash price$362
Cash as a share of list, median hospital60%

At the typical hospital, asking for the cash price cuts the list price by about 40%. The share is the median of each hospital’s own cash ÷ list ratio, over hospitals that filed both — not the ratio of the two medians above.

The same procedure, inpatient

724 hospitals filed a usable inpatient cash price for this code. The median is $386 and the average of the middle 60% is $408; most fall between $197 and $819.

Cash price percentiles, inpatient, across 724 hospitals. Each figure is a price a hospital filed. 10th: one in ten hospitals charges less; 25th: a quarter charge less; Median: half charge less; 75th: three quarters charge less; 90th: nine in ten charge less.
10th25thMedian75th90th
$112$226$386$644$1,288

The most expensive tenth of hospitals charges at least 12× what the cheapest tenth charges ($112 vs $1,288).

Of the 761 hospitals that filed this code inpatient, 724 gave a usable cash price; 15 carried a plausibility flag, 0 filed a number their own filing marks as not a price, 0 gave an estimate, and 22 a list price only.

How complete is this

992 of the 3,956 hospitals with a price file in our corpus (25%) filed a usable outpatient cash price for this code, and those are the hospitals every figure on this page is computed from.

What the 1,042 hospitals that filed this code at all gave us
Usable cash price — counted992
Cash price carrying a plausibility flag — shown on the compare tool, excluded here26
A number the filing itself marks as not a price (a placeholder, a ratio) — excluded0
An estimate rather than a filed cash price — excluded0
A list price only, no cash figure — excluded24
Hospitals that filed this code1,042

Sections not shown for this setting

  • Since our last snapshot: there is no earlier snapshot at least 90 days older than this one yet.

We last checked these hospitals’ price files for changes between September 4, 2026 and September 25, 2026; the figures were computed September 25, 2026 from filings loaded through September 25, 2026. The percentiles and averages use only the “counted” row.

Related procedures

Part of the Other non-OR or closed therapeutic nervous system procedures family.

Hospitals file this code under descriptions such as Rfl&Main Implt Pmp/Rsvr Dlvr Spi/Brn Phy/Qhp.

Method

Source
The machine-readable price files every U.S. hospital is required by CMS to publish, parsed per hospital. Nothing is surveyed, sampled or modelled.
What counts
One cash (self-pay) price per hospital for this code and setting. A hospital’s own filing can rule its number out — a placeholder, a “not applicable” note, a list price standing in for cash — and our plausibility checks can flag a price far below what every other hospital files. Both kinds are disclosed above and excluded from the statistics; on the compare tool a flagged price is still shown.
Statistics
Percentiles are discrete: each is a price some hospital filed. The average is the mean of the prices between the 20th and 80th percentiles. We never publish the plain mean, the minimum or the maximum. A state needs 10 hospitals and a segment 20 to show a figure; otherwise the row shows its count and no number. Medicare is the national unadjusted OPPS rate where one exists.
Names
Procedure names on these pages are our own plain-language titles, not the AMA’s copyrighted CPT descriptors. The code is the identity.

The full rules — sources, statistics, thresholds, limitations — are on the methodology page.

Download this page’s figures: JSON · CSV. Aggregates only — the per-hospital prices are on the compare tool.

Cite: HospitalRates.com, “Drug pump refill needing a physician's skill (CPT 95991) — cash price report,” computed September 25, 2026. https://hospitalrates.com/procedures/cpt-95991-drug-pump-refill-needing-a-physician-s-skill