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Procedure price report · Radioisotope scan and function studies

Nuclear kidney scans, multiple, with and without medication

CPT 78709the billing code this page is about

Several nuclear medicine studies of the kidneys in one session showing structure, blood flow, and function, done both before and after a drug is given during the scan.

Hospitals typically charge $1,397 cash for this outpatient procedure — the median across 1,745 hospitals that filed a usable cash price; the average of the middle 60% is $1,453. Most fall between $742 and $2,400 (20th–80th percentile).

Hospitals
1,745
States
50
Filings dated
Jan 2024 – Sep 2026
Computed
September 25, 2026
Prices checked
through September 24, 2026

Median: half of hospitals filed less, half more — and it is a price some hospital actually filed. Average of the middle 60%: the mean of the prices between the 20th and 80th percentiles. We never publish the plain average, the lowest or the highest price: the extremes in hospital price files are chargemaster artefacts, not prices anyone pays.

What hospitals charge, from cheapest to most expensive

Cash price percentiles, outpatient, across 1,745 hospitals. Each figure is a price a hospital filed. 10th: one in ten hospitals charges less; 25th: a quarter charge less; Median: half charge less; 75th: three quarters charge less; 90th: nine in ten charge less.
10th25thMedian75th90th
$555$861$1,397$2,119$3,792

The most expensive tenth of hospitals charges at least 6.8× what the cheapest tenth charges ($555 vs $3,792).

How the prices are spread

$429 – $559: 90 hospitals$429$559 – $729: 162 hospitals$729 – $949: 176 hospitals$729$949 – $1,237: 219 hospitals$1,237 – $1,613: 278 hospitals$1,237$1,613 – $2,101: 291 hospitals$2,101 – $2,739: 185 hospitals$2,101$2,739 – $3,569: 73 hospitals$3,569 – $4,651: 46 hospitals$3,569$4,651 – $6,061: 51 hospitals$4,651median $1,397price bands are equal on a log scale
Hospitals per price band (1,571 of 1,745 — the bands cover the 5th to 95th percentile)
FromToHospitals
$429$55990
$559$729162
$729$949176
$949$1,237219
$1,237$1,613278
$1,613$2,101291
$2,101$2,739185
$2,739$3,56973
$3,569$4,65146
$4,651$6,06151

Against Medicare

Medicare pays (OPPS 2026, national rate)$555
Median cash price$1,397
Cash as a multiple of Medicare2.5×

The Medicare figure is the national unadjusted OPPS rate for this code — what Medicare itself pays a hospital before local wage adjustment. It is a benchmark, not a price anyone is charged.

By state

The median cash price in each state, against the national median of $1,397.

Alaska: 4 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureAKMaine: median $892 across 15 hospitalsME$892Vermont: 4 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureVTNew Hampshire: 5 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureNHWashington: median $1,247 across 41 hospitalsWA$1,247Idaho: median $1,761 across 11 hospitalsID$1,761Montana: 1 hospital filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureMTNorth Dakota: median $971 across 10 hospitalsND$971Minnesota: median $1,294 across 23 hospitalsMN$1,294Illinois: median $1,694 across 67 hospitalsIL$1,694Wisconsin: median $2,146 across 45 hospitalsWI$2,146Michigan: median $861 across 35 hospitalsMI$861New York: median $894 across 64 hospitalsNY$894Massachusetts: median $1,693 across 31 hospitalsMA$1,693Oregon: median $1,082 across 22 hospitalsOR$1,082Nevada: 5 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureNVWyoming: 5 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureWYSouth Dakota: 2 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureSDIowa: median $1,405 across 29 hospitalsIA$1,405Indiana: median $1,742 across 55 hospitalsIN$1,742Ohio: median $1,375 across 95 hospitalsOH$1,375Pennsylvania: median $1,161 across 76 hospitalsPA$1,161New Jersey: median $634 across 45 hospitalsNJ$634Connecticut: 6 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureCTRhode Island: 9 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureRICalifornia: median $1,872 across 146 hospitalsCA$1,872Utah: median $1,535 across 30 hospitalsUT$1,535Colorado: median $1,467 across 40 hospitalsCO$1,467Nebraska: median $1,610 across 42 hospitalsNE$1,610Missouri: median $1,342 across 38 hospitalsMO$1,342Kentucky: median $1,099 across 32 hospitalsKY$1,099West Virginia: median $2,072 across 13 hospitalsWV$2,072Virginia: median $1,032 across 48 hospitalsVA$1,032Maryland: median $1,811 across 31 hospitalsMD$1,811Delaware: 5 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureDEArizona: median $1,988 across 39 hospitalsAZ$1,988New Mexico: 4 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureNMKansas: median $1,321 across 26 hospitalsKS$1,321Arkansas: median $634 across 12 hospitalsAR$634Tennessee: median $610 across 53 hospitalsTN$610North Carolina: median $1,792 across 47 hospitalsNC$1,792South Carolina: median $1,994 across 38 hospitalsSC$1,994Oklahoma: median $1,097 across 23 hospitalsOK$1,097Louisiana: median $558 across 30 hospitalsLA$558Mississippi: median $639 across 22 hospitalsMS$639Alabama: median $810 across 18 hospitalsAL$810Georgia: median $1,227 across 54 hospitalsGA$1,227Hawaii: 7 hospitals filed a usable price — fewer than 10, so no figureHITexas: median $1,293 across 145 hospitalsTX$1,293Florida: median $1,978 across 97 hospitalsFL$1,978
Cash price by state, most expensive first. National median $1,397. A state needs at least 10 hospitals with a usable price to show a figure.
StateHospitalsMedianvs national20th–80th
Wisconsin WI45$2,146+54%$941 – $2,525
West Virginia WV13$2,072+48%$1,175 – $2,375
South Carolina SC38$1,994+43%$1,354 – $2,503
Arizona AZ39$1,988+42%$667 – $4,943
Florida FL97$1,978+42%$1,261 – $7,531
California CA146$1,872+34%$1,316 – $3,501
Maryland MD31$1,811+30%$1,306 – $2,194
North Carolina NC47$1,792+28%$867 – $2,094
Idaho ID11$1,761+26%$870 – $1,761
Indiana IN55$1,742+25%$935 – $2,458
Illinois IL67$1,694+21%$699 – $2,631
Massachusetts MA31$1,693+21%$897 – $2,122
Nebraska NE42$1,610+15%$1,127 – $2,369
Utah UT30$1,535+10%$1,165 – $1,806
Colorado CO40$1,467+5%$1,071 – $2,827
Iowa IA29$1,405+1%$699 – $1,975
Ohio OH95$1,375−2%$1,026 – $2,414
Missouri MO38$1,342−4%$955 – $2,945
Kansas KS26$1,321−5%$778 – $2,540
Minnesota MN23$1,294−7%$644 – $1,710
Texas TX145$1,293−7%$1,047 – $2,572
Washington WA41$1,247−11%$982 – $1,527
Georgia GA54$1,227−12%$816 – $2,392
Pennsylvania PA76$1,161−17%$492 – $4,219
Kentucky KY32$1,099−21%$544 – $2,596
Oklahoma OK23$1,097−21%$700 – $1,763
Oregon OR22$1,082−23%$802 – $1,421
Virginia VA48$1,032−26%$833 – $1,567
North Dakota ND10$971−30%$742 – $1,301
New York NY64$894−36%$637 – $1,911
Maine ME15$892−36%$482 – $2,217
Michigan MI35$861−38%$703 – $1,228
Alabama AL18$810−42%$535 – $1,283
Mississippi MS22$639−54%$451 – $925
New Jersey NJ45$634−55%$514 – $719
Arkansas AR12$634−55%$587 – $1,264
Tennessee TN53$610−56%$452 – $1,456
Louisiana LA30$558−60%$416 – $867
Rhode Island RI9not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Hawaii HI7not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Connecticut CT6not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Delaware DE5not enough hospitals filed a usable price
New Hampshire NH5not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Nevada NV5not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Wyoming WY5not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Alaska AK4not enough hospitals filed a usable price
New Mexico NM4not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Vermont VT4not enough hospitals filed a usable price
South Dakota SD2not enough hospitals filed a usable price
Montana MT1not enough hospitals filed a usable price

Hospitals like yours

The same distribution cut by the kind of hospital. Hospital type and ownership come from CMS; a hospital counts as part of a system when its price file is shared with at least one other hospital under the same brand. The national median is $1,397.

Cash price by hospital segment. A segment needs at least 20 hospitals to show a figure.
SegmentHospitalsMedian20th–80th
Hospital type
Acute care1,437$1,391$708 – $2,414
Children’s24$2,182$903 – $3,638
Critical access276$1,418$919 – $2,226
Ownership
For-profit243$1,893$930 – $6,158
Government252$1,209$644 – $2,010
Non-profit1,242$1,377$744 – $2,258
System affiliation
Part of a system1,500$1,456$778 – $2,414
Independent245$1,138$664 – $2,213

Cash price vs list price

Median list price (chargemaster)$2,543
Median cash price$1,397
Cash as a share of list, median hospital60%

At the typical hospital, asking for the cash price cuts the list price by about 40%. The share is the median of each hospital’s own cash ÷ list ratio, over hospitals that filed both — not the ratio of the two medians above.

The same procedure, inpatient

1,291 hospitals filed a usable inpatient cash price for this code. The median is $1,526 and the average of the middle 60% is $1,518; most fall between $848 and $2,392.

Cash price percentiles, inpatient, across 1,291 hospitals. Each figure is a price a hospital filed. 10th: one in ten hospitals charges less; 25th: a quarter charge less; Median: half charge less; 75th: three quarters charge less; 90th: nine in ten charge less.
10th25thMedian75th90th
$602$961$1,526$2,125$3,451

The most expensive tenth of hospitals charges at least 5.7× what the cheapest tenth charges ($602 vs $3,451).

Of the 1,407 hospitals that filed this code inpatient, 1,291 gave a usable cash price; 54 carried a plausibility flag, 0 filed a number their own filing marks as not a price, 0 gave an estimate, and 62 a list price only.

How complete is this

1,745 of the 3,956 hospitals with a price file in our corpus (44%) filed a usable outpatient cash price for this code, and those are the hospitals every figure on this page is computed from.

What the 1,926 hospitals that filed this code at all gave us
Usable cash price — counted1,745
Cash price carrying a plausibility flag — shown on the compare tool, excluded here113
A number the filing itself marks as not a price (a placeholder, a ratio) — excluded0
An estimate rather than a filed cash price — excluded0
A list price only, no cash figure — excluded68
Hospitals that filed this code1,926

Sections not shown for this setting

  • Since our last snapshot: there is no earlier snapshot at least 90 days older than this one yet.

We last checked these hospitals’ price files for changes between September 4, 2026 and September 24, 2026; the figures were computed September 25, 2026 from filings loaded through September 24, 2026. The percentiles and averages use only the “counted” row.

Related procedures

Part of the Radioisotope scan and function studies family.

Hospitals file this code under descriptions such as Kidney Img Morphology Vascular Flow Multiple.

Method

Source
The machine-readable price files every U.S. hospital is required by CMS to publish, parsed per hospital. Nothing is surveyed, sampled or modelled.
What counts
One cash (self-pay) price per hospital for this code and setting. A hospital’s own filing can rule its number out — a placeholder, a “not applicable” note, a list price standing in for cash — and our plausibility checks can flag a price far below what every other hospital files. Both kinds are disclosed above and excluded from the statistics; on the compare tool a flagged price is still shown.
Statistics
Percentiles are discrete: each is a price some hospital filed. The average is the mean of the prices between the 20th and 80th percentiles. We never publish the plain mean, the minimum or the maximum. A state needs 10 hospitals and a segment 20 to show a figure; otherwise the row shows its count and no number. Medicare is the national unadjusted OPPS rate where one exists.
Names
Procedure names on these pages are our own plain-language titles, not the AMA’s copyrighted CPT descriptors. The code is the identity.

The full rules — sources, statistics, thresholds, limitations — are on the methodology page.

Download this page’s figures: JSON · CSV. Aggregates only — the per-hospital prices are on the compare tool.

Cite: HospitalRates.com, “Nuclear kidney scans, multiple, with and without medication (CPT 78709) — cash price report,” computed September 25, 2026. https://hospitalrates.com/procedures/cpt-78709-nuclear-kidney-scans-multiple-with-and-without-medication