{"procedure":{"code_type":"CPT","code":"93451","lay_name":"Right heart catheterization","blurb":"A thin tube is threaded through a vein into the right side of the heart to measure pressures and blood flow, including any blood samples drawn during the study.","slug":"cpt-93451-right-heart-catheterization","description":"Right Heart Cath O2 Saturation & Cardiac Output|PROFESSIONAL COMPONENT","name_source":"llm:claude-opus-5","name_reviewed":false,"ccs":{"code":"47","label":"Diagnostic cardiac catheterization, coronary arteriography","surgery_flag":"neither"}},"settings":{"outpatient":{"setting":"outpatient","computed_at":"2026-09-25T11:55:12.319193Z","corpus_loaded_through":"2026-09-25T01:10:45.071082Z","filing_date_min":"2024-01-01","filing_date_max":"2026-09-22","checked_from":"2026-09-05T02:07:09.005325Z","checked_through":"2026-09-25T01:14:07.150894Z","n_priced_setters":3956,"n_filed":2115,"n_usable":1927,"n_not_usable":1,"n_labelled":109,"n_no_cash":73,"n_estimated":5,"n_states":50,"cash_p10":2375.0,"cash_p20":3368.58,"cash_p25":3806.17,"cash_p50":5868.08,"cash_p75":9795.5,"cash_p80":10686.23,"cash_p90":15026.7,"cash_mean_trimmed":6320.18,"gross_p50":11716.0,"cash_to_gross_p50":0.6,"medicare_rate":3312.15,"medicare_schedule":"opps","medicare_year":2026,"cash_to_medicare_p50":1.7717,"by_state":[{"state":"AK","n":5,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"AL","n":29,"p20":2842.88,"p50":4544.0,"p80":8448.16},{"state":"AR","n":22,"p20":2566.15,"p50":4090.84,"p80":4509.18},{"state":"AZ","n":39,"p20":1948.6,"p50":5893.54,"p80":14489.0},{"state":"CA","n":155,"p20":4149.0,"p50":7735.2,"p80":15258.15},{"state":"CO","n":35,"p20":4578.35,"p50":5868.08,"p80":10324.6},{"state":"CT","n":12,"p20":3345.65,"p50":4762.97,"p80":7242.0},{"state":"DE","n":6,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"FL","n":102,"p20":5196.4,"p50":7407.64,"p80":11672.33},{"state":"GA","n":70,"p20":3871.41,"p50":5021.28,"p80":12033.0},{"state":"HI","n":8,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"IA","n":22,"p20":5107.8,"p50":5764.2,"p80":7923.88},{"state":"ID","n":13,"p20":5208.04,"p50":14000.0,"p80":19903.0},{"state":"IL","n":74,"p20":3498.66,"p50":6555.6,"p80":12791.0},{"state":"IN","n":53,"p20":4841.91,"p50":6858.6,"p80":9330.4},{"state":"KS","n":24,"p20":2258.0,"p50":4320.0,"p80":8846.88},{"state":"KY","n":30,"p20":3343.74,"p50":8403.6,"p80":19205.24},{"state":"LA","n":38,"p20":1859.62,"p50":3746.82,"p80":7788.0},{"state":"MA","n":33,"p20":4258.8,"p50":7285.61,"p80":15305.0},{"state":"MD","n":1,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"ME","n":9,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"MI","n":65,"p20":1591.6,"p50":5043.85,"p80":7935.0},{"state":"MN","n":35,"p20":3588.0,"p50":3897.63,"p80":4703.6},{"state":"MO","n":48,"p20":3877.25,"p50":6138.6,"p80":9690.45},{"state":"MS","n":30,"p20":2296.73,"p50":2870.91,"p80":3673.5},{"state":"MT","n":8,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"NC","n":53,"p20":2728.89,"p50":4985.4,"p80":10686.23},{"state":"ND","n":7,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"NE","n":20,"p20":1668.6,"p50":5160.0,"p80":7069.8},{"state":"NH","n":7,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"NJ","n":53,"p20":2588.48,"p50":3759.0,"p80":12218.0},{"state":"NM","n":12,"p20":2536.8,"p50":3483.6,"p80":8401.6},{"state":"NV","n":13,"p20":3526.0,"p50":4654.41,"p80":13020.0},{"state":"NY","n":75,"p20":3507.03,"p50":5652.0,"p80":14217.1},{"state":"OH","n":95,"p20":3700.21,"p50":7976.8,"p80":11290.0},{"state":"OK","n":35,"p20":3627.2,"p50":4770.96,"p80":6557.62},{"state":"OR","n":28,"p20":4880.0,"p50":8807.76,"p80":9953.25},{"state":"PA","n":92,"p20":3876.0,"p50":5159.4,"p80":11878.0},{"state":"RI","n":7,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"SC","n":41,"p20":4645.5,"p50":8679.5,"p80":9795.5},{"state":"SD","n":10,"p20":8684.8,"p50":9481.6,"p80":9481.6},{"state":"TN","n":49,"p20":2405.4,"p50":2867.63,"p80":5882.7},{"state":"TX","n":184,"p20":3943.38,"p50":9316.35,"p80":16930.5},{"state":"UT","n":27,"p20":5208.04,"p50":5208.04,"p80":5208.04},{"state":"VA","n":44,"p20":4987.2,"p50":6484.2,"p80":7846.0},{"state":"VT","n":2,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"WA","n":41,"p20":5053.61,"p50":7107.19,"p80":9018.0},{"state":"WI","n":49,"p20":596.05,"p50":4726.77,"p80":5778.06},{"state":"WV","n":12,"p20":4058.0,"p50":5218.5,"p80":5990.5},{"state":"WY","n":5,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null}],"by_segment":{"hospital_type":[{"key":"acute","n":1738,"p20":3483.2,"p50":5909.0,"p80":10686.23},{"key":"childrens","n":45,"p20":3978.0,"p50":8287.44,"p80":16929.0},{"key":"critical_access","n":136,"p20":1821.23,"p50":5179.5,"p80":9387.4}],"ownership":[{"key":"for_profit","n":275,"p20":3364.05,"p50":7152.0,"p80":17288.0},{"key":"government","n":238,"p20":2880.0,"p50":5021.28,"p80":9040.5},{"key":"nonprofit","n":1406,"p20":3560.12,"p50":5868.08,"p80":10500.0}],"affiliation":[{"key":"affiliated","n":1662,"p20":3483.6,"p50":5909.0,"p80":10686.23},{"key":"independent","n":265,"p20":3024.68,"p50":5580.0,"p80":10840.28}]},"histogram":[{"lo":1463.0,"hi":1908.88,"n":51},{"lo":1908.88,"hi":2490.66,"n":74},{"lo":2490.66,"hi":3249.74,"n":138},{"lo":3249.74,"hi":4240.17,"n":223},{"lo":4240.17,"hi":5532.45,"n":328},{"lo":5532.45,"hi":7218.59,"n":251},{"lo":7218.59,"hi":9418.62,"n":260},{"lo":9418.62,"hi":12289.15,"n":223},{"lo":12289.15,"hi":16034.55,"n":107},{"lo":16034.55,"hi":20921.43,"n":80}],"previous":null},"inpatient":{"setting":"inpatient","computed_at":"2026-09-25T11:55:12.319193Z","corpus_loaded_through":"2026-09-25T01:05:50.973703Z","filing_date_min":"2024-01-01","filing_date_max":"2026-09-22","checked_from":"2026-09-05T02:07:09.005325Z","checked_through":"2026-09-25T01:13:19.715392Z","n_priced_setters":3956,"n_filed":1582,"n_usable":1449,"n_not_usable":1,"n_labelled":71,"n_no_cash":61,"n_estimated":0,"n_states":50,"cash_p10":2516.4,"cash_p20":3706.3,"cash_p25":4203.32,"cash_p50":6306.85,"cash_p75":9795.5,"cash_p80":10500.0,"cash_p90":13442.25,"cash_mean_trimmed":6631.58,"gross_p50":11743.0,"cash_to_gross_p50":0.6,"medicare_rate":null,"medicare_schedule":null,"medicare_year":null,"cash_to_medicare_p50":null,"by_state":[{"state":"AK","n":2,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"AL","n":23,"p20":3091.25,"p50":4953.89,"p80":21767.0},{"state":"AR","n":8,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"AZ","n":34,"p20":1948.6,"p50":9346.68,"p80":14489.0},{"state":"CA","n":136,"p20":4901.76,"p50":8064.12,"p80":16214.25},{"state":"CO","n":32,"p20":4578.35,"p50":5868.08,"p80":10324.6},{"state":"CT","n":7,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"DE","n":6,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"FL","n":83,"p20":5196.4,"p50":8152.0,"p80":11670.02},{"state":"GA","n":57,"p20":3871.41,"p50":5021.28,"p80":8191.0},{"state":"HI","n":5,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"IA","n":20,"p20":3928.68,"p50":5764.2,"p80":7923.88},{"state":"ID","n":11,"p20":5208.04,"p50":13912.8,"p80":19903.0},{"state":"IL","n":62,"p20":3504.2,"p50":6555.6,"p80":12791.0},{"state":"IN","n":33,"p20":3819.73,"p50":6858.6,"p80":9157.4},{"state":"KS","n":11,"p20":3248.06,"p50":5580.0,"p80":8050.8},{"state":"KY","n":16,"p20":2761.02,"p50":4429.2,"p80":12915.16},{"state":"LA","n":24,"p20":1320.87,"p50":3639.68,"p80":6530.5},{"state":"MA","n":30,"p20":3648.4,"p50":7098.84,"p80":15305.0},{"state":"MD","n":1,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"ME","n":8,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"MI","n":52,"p20":3991.4,"p50":5726.8,"p80":7935.0},{"state":"MN","n":33,"p20":3588.0,"p50":3816.0,"p80":4703.6},{"state":"MO","n":29,"p20":6138.6,"p50":6525.6,"p80":10175.79},{"state":"MS","n":20,"p20":2660.0,"p50":3576.5,"p80":5891.0},{"state":"MT","n":4,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"NC","n":32,"p20":2728.89,"p50":6467.0,"p80":10686.23},{"state":"ND","n":7,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"NE","n":11,"p20":3928.68,"p50":5160.0,"p80":7028.08},{"state":"NH","n":7,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"NJ","n":23,"p20":3732.06,"p50":4291.87,"p80":17050.23},{"state":"NM","n":8,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"NV","n":6,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"NY","n":37,"p20":3128.0,"p50":6421.0,"p80":8273.02},{"state":"OH","n":86,"p20":4011.3,"p50":8250.45,"p80":11290.0},{"state":"OK","n":27,"p20":3627.2,"p50":4644.2,"p80":4960.9},{"state":"OR","n":17,"p20":8119.6,"p50":9159.0,"p80":9953.25},{"state":"PA","n":87,"p20":4146.75,"p50":5681.6,"p80":11900.0},{"state":"RI","n":3,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"SC","n":32,"p20":4645.5,"p50":9795.5,"p80":11775.35},{"state":"SD","n":5,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"TN","n":42,"p20":2405.4,"p50":2693.1,"p80":5926.2},{"state":"TX","n":127,"p20":4328.64,"p50":9316.35,"p80":11622.79},{"state":"UT","n":25,"p20":5208.04,"p50":5208.04,"p80":5208.04},{"state":"VA","n":39,"p20":4987.2,"p50":6790.0,"p80":7846.0},{"state":"VT","n":2,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"WA","n":36,"p20":5053.61,"p50":7152.6,"p80":9186.4},{"state":"WI","n":38,"p20":596.05,"p50":4769.16,"p80":5592.95},{"state":"WV","n":3,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null},{"state":"WY","n":2,"p20":null,"p50":null,"p80":null}],"by_segment":{"hospital_type":[{"key":"acute","n":1316,"p20":3709.0,"p50":6310.5,"p80":10500.0},{"key":"childrens","n":32,"p20":4821.0,"p50":8464.78,"p80":17288.0},{"key":"critical_access","n":93,"p20":2693.1,"p50":5208.04,"p80":9387.4}],"ownership":[{"key":"for_profit","n":172,"p20":3871.41,"p50":7729.8,"p80":14489.0},{"key":"government","n":163,"p20":3199.02,"p50":5569.22,"p80":9316.5},{"key":"nonprofit","n":1106,"p20":3709.0,"p50":6166.5,"p80":10500.0}],"affiliation":[{"key":"affiliated","n":1276,"p20":3732.06,"p50":6356.9,"p80":10500.0},{"key":"independent","n":173,"p20":3236.75,"p50":5828.28,"p80":10310.6}]},"histogram":[{"lo":1821.23,"hi":2287.74,"n":39},{"lo":2287.74,"hi":2873.75,"n":84},{"lo":2873.75,"hi":3609.87,"n":66},{"lo":3609.87,"hi":4534.54,"n":166},{"lo":4534.54,"hi":5696.07,"n":230},{"lo":5696.07,"hi":7155.13,"n":175},{"lo":7155.13,"hi":8987.93,"n":183},{"lo":8987.93,"hi":11290.2,"n":192},{"lo":11290.2,"hi":14182.2,"n":112},{"lo":14182.2,"hi":17815.0,"n":60}],"previous":null}},"related":[{"code_type":"CPT","code":"75574","lay_name":"CT angiogram of the heart arteries and bypass grafts","slug":"cpt-75574-ct-angiogram-of-the-heart-arteries-and-bypass-grafts"},{"code_type":"CPT","code":"93458","lay_name":"Left heart cath with coronary and ventricle imaging","slug":"cpt-93458-left-heart-cath-with-coronary-and-ventricle-imaging"},{"code_type":"CPT","code":"93460","lay_name":"Right and left heart cath with coronary angiography","slug":"cpt-93460-right-and-left-heart-cath-with-coronary-angiography"},{"code_type":"CPT","code":"93454","lay_name":"Dye X-ray study of the heart arteries","slug":"cpt-93454-dye-x-ray-study-of-the-heart-arteries"},{"code_type":"CPT","code":"93459","lay_name":"Left heart cath with coronary and bypass graft imaging","slug":"cpt-93459-left-heart-cath-with-coronary-and-bypass-graft-imaging"},{"code_type":"CPT","code":"93455","lay_name":"Coronary artery and bypass graft angiography","slug":"cpt-93455-coronary-artery-and-bypass-graft-angiography"},{"code_type":"CPT","code":"93461","lay_name":"Right and left heart cath with coronary and graft imaging","slug":"cpt-93461-right-and-left-heart-cath-with-coronary-and-graft-imaging"},{"code_type":"CPT","code":"93456","lay_name":"Coronary angiography with right heart catheterization","slug":"cpt-93456-coronary-angiography-with-right-heart-catheterization"},{"code_type":"CPT","code":"93567","lay_name":"Dye injection for imaging the aorta above the valve","slug":"cpt-93567-dye-injection-for-imaging-the-aorta-above-the-valve"},{"code_type":"CPT","code":"93453","lay_name":"Right and left heart catheterization with chamber imaging","slug":"cpt-93453-right-and-left-heart-catheterization-with-chamber-imaging"},{"code_type":"CPT","code":"93457","lay_name":"Coronary and bypass graft imaging with right heart cath","slug":"cpt-93457-coronary-and-bypass-graft-imaging-with-right-heart-cath"},{"code_type":"CPT","code":"93571","lay_name":"Coronary blood flow measurement, first artery","slug":"cpt-93571-coronary-blood-flow-measurement-first-artery"}]}